ERC-20
A technical token standard on the Ethereum network that defines common rules for creating fungible tokens. The vast majority of tokens on Ethereum are issued under this standard.
See also
Consensus mechanism
A set of rules by which participants in a decentralized network agree on which version of the blockchain is valid (for example, Proof-of-Work or Proof-of-Stake).
Proof-of-Work (PoW)
A consensus mechanism in which miners prove they performed computational work in order to add a new block. Used by Bitcoin, among others; it requires significant energy.
Proof-of-Stake (PoS)
A consensus mechanism in which the right to validate blocks goes to participants who have locked up (staked) their cryptocurrency as collateral. It is more energy-efficient than Proof-of-Work.
TRC-20
An equivalent of the ERC-20 standard, but on the TRON network. It is widely used for USDT transfers — fees on TRON are typically much lower than on Ethereum.
BEP-20
A token standard on the BNB Smart Chain (BSC), structurally compatible with ERC-20 but with lower transaction fees.
Cold wallet
A wallet whose private keys are stored offline (for example, on a dedicated device). It is considered the safest way to hold large amounts long-term.