Halving
A programmed event in the Bitcoin network (and some other coins) where the block reward paid to miners is cut in half. It happens roughly once every four years.
See also
FUD
Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt — the spread of negative or alarming information about a project, often deliberate, intended to push its price down.
HODL
Crypto slang (originating from a typo of "hold") for a strategy of holding cryptocurrency long-term regardless of market swings.
Whale
An investor or wallet holding a very large amount of cryptocurrency. The actions of whales (large buys or sells) can noticeably move an asset's price.
Hard fork
A backwards-incompatible change to a blockchain's protocol that splits the network into an old and a new chain (example: the split of Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash).
Soft fork
A backwards-compatible update to a protocol's rules, where old nodes can continue operating on the upgraded network without being forced to update.
Consensus mechanism
A set of rules by which participants in a decentralized network agree on which version of the blockchain is valid (for example, Proof-of-Work or Proof-of-Stake).